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Sunday, December 9, 2007
7:59:23 AM EST
JUSTITIA INSTITUTIONALA sau alternativa - ARBITRAJUL
PLATON : “Cel mai sacru dintre toate tribunalele sa fie acela pe care partile si-l vor fi creat ele insele , si pe care il vor fi ales prin buna intelegere.”
JUSTITIA INSTITUTIONALA sau alternativa - ARBITRAJUL
Justitia Institutionala trebuie sa pornesca de la Justitia din Societate,respectiv de la realitate, iar "Realitatea" ne cere o alterantiva - noi va propunem "Arbitrajul" , ca forma de rezolvare rapida si confidentiala a litigiilor.
Clauses to look out for in a contract:
• The party-hopping assignment: Deals can be bought or sold--or, in legal jargon, "assigned." Thus, you could shake on it with a person you like and end up doing business with a person you don't like. To prevent the other side from selling your deal, have your lawyer incorporate appropriate verbiage into your contract. Conversely, if you want the right to sell the deal, your lawyer can spell that out, too.
• The integration clause: The integration or merger clause protects you from a claim that there are other parts to your dealthatweren't written down, or that you reached an oral agreement to change the written one. It's usually the last clause in a contract. Here's a simple version: "This agreement contains our entire understanding and cannot be changed orally." It's standard and rarely controversial.
• Audit clauses: If your deal entitles you to ongoing profit or royalty payments, audit clauses will give you the right to check their accuracy. Frequency of accountings, notices, costs and time limitations are negotiating points.
• Representations and warranties (R&Ws): If prevarication is the disease, R&Ws are the cure. These make the other side reduce to black and white that which it promises to be true.
R&Ws must be custom-designed for each deal. The more complex the transaction, the more exhaustive the R&Ws and extensive the attendant negotiations. Even though R&Ws flag problems and promote honest discussion, don't let your guard down just because the other side swears everything's OK. In the real world, their dishonesty will become your problem.
• A notice clause: A notice clause lays out exactly how parties will exchange formal communications, including where, when and how to send them; when they're effective; and so on. They are innocuous until the parties are fighting; then whether notice was "properly" given can become key.
• Exculpatory clauses: As a general rule, the less you are legally responsible for, the better. Thus, if the other side has the leverage, it will sell you the goods "as is"; have you enter the premises "at your own risk"; and saturate contracts with disclaimers, limitations on liability and indemnities--even placing the obligation on you to buy insurance. It will feel outrageous--until you've got the upper hand and can stick these clauses to someone else. Tags: arbitration, comercial, mediation, justice, CSM, penitenciare, justitie, afaceri externe, aparare nationala, aparare civila, stiri, arbitraj, curte de arbitraj, arbitraj comercial, afaceri, romania, bucuresti, litigii, legislatie, cosultanta in afaceri, management, politica, blog, judecator, avocat, stiri juridice, guvernul romaniei, presedentia romaniei, European Union
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Friday, November 9, 2007
9:50:49 AM EST
About Arbitration
About Arbitration
Arbitration , in the law, is a legal alternative to the courts whereby the parties to a dispute agree to submit their respective positions to a neutral third party, the arbitrator, for resolution.
Generally, arbitration is used in a business-related dispute and usually entails a fraction of the time and money of litigation. Both parties agree to recognize an arbitration panel as a legal authority, and agree that the decision is legally binding. If the losing party fails to pay the award amount, the winner can transfer the decision to a court, which will enforce the award judicially. Arbitration procedures are usually closed to the public.
Either party to an arbitration may appeal the arbitrator's decision to a court, however the court will generally not change the arbitrator's findings of fact but will decide only whether the arbitrator was guilty of malfeasance, or whether the arbitrator exceeded the limits of his or her authority in the arbitral award or whether the award conflicts with positive law. Some jurisdictions have instituted a limited grace period during which an arbitral decision may be appealed, but after which there can be no appeal.
Some domestic jurisdictions have stipulated that judges may require either arbitration or mediation of certain disputes as a first step toward resolution. This is often the case in family law, particularly child custody cases.
To ensure effective arbitration and to increase the general credibility of the arbitral process, arbitrators will sometimes sit as a panel, usually consisting of three arbitrators. Often the three consist of an expert in the legal area within which the dispute falls (such as contract law in the case of a dispute over the terms and conditions of a contract), an expert in the industry within which the dispute falls (such as the construction industry, in the case of a dispute between a homeowner and his general contractor), and an experienced arbitrator.
Arbitrators have wide latitude in crafting remedies in the arbitral decision, with the only real limitation being that they may not exceed the limits of their authority in their award.
Mircea Halaciuga Esq., Presedent, Member of the Internationa Bar Associtation, Judge's Chamber.
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4:42:48 AM EST
Feeling Quiet
ARBITRAJ COMERCIAL INTERNATIONAL
PROCEDURA ARBITRALA, "RAPIDA SI CONFIDENTIALA".
 Statutul specific instantelor arbitrale atrage dupa sine particularitati distincte. Statutul nu da dreptul instantei arbitrale sa ceara de la litiganti prezentarea de informatii confidentiale sau care contin secrete comerciale fara acordul personelor la care se refera aceasta informatii. Din aceste motive, instanta arbitrala este uzata in toate categoriile de litigii, indiferent de complexitate. Un avantaj real este reprezentat de limitele de timp relativ scurt, in care litigiile trebuie rezolvate si hotaririle arbitrale incheiate .Din prevederile Constitutionale, precum si din continutul altor legi, reiese clar, ca instantele arbitrale nu fac parte din sistemul "instantelor judecatoresti de stat", dar ca acesta, recunoaste legalitatea si temeinicia hotaririi arbitrale asigurind executarea ei silita,conform codului de procedura civila. Instantele arbitrale , au de asemenea obligatia de a colabora cu instantele judecatoresti de stat benevol, sau la cererea acestora. Importanta institutiei arbitrilor s-a dovedit benefica de-a lungul anilor in special in tarile cu o economie de piata dezvoltata si a devenit o axioma si un imperativ al timpului, pentru economia globala de astazi.
Mircea Halaciuga, Esq., Presedinte, Memebru al Baroului International, Camera Judecatorilor.
VicePresedinte, Unione Camare Esperti Europei
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