Dr Boothe

LASIK DALLAS - DR WILLIAM A. BOOTHE

Thu, 26 Jun 2008 08:03:07 GMT

DR. WILLIAM BOOTHE - DALLAS LASIK
Patients who have experienced an eye infection or injury in the past year should not undergo LASIK. If you are interested in LASIK, an eye surgeon or ophthalmologist can determine if you are a candidate for the procedure. During a comprehensive eye exam, your ophthalmologist will check your eyes and medical history. DR WILLIAM BOOTHEAre you a LASIK candidate?( DR. WILLIAM BOOTHE - LASIK DALLAS)

Dr William A. Boothe
Dr William Boothe => Mascara and the creation of beautiful lashes: Mascara frames your eyes and can make your face come alive. Mascara softly accentuates the eye while thickening and darkening the lashes; it is the finishing touch for eyes. There are several different types to choose from, thickening, and waterproof to smudge proof.

Dr William Boothe Eye Care The laser is programmed prior to each procedure for the ablative "cut" based on the patient's pre-operative refractive error (nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism). Once the laser ablation is completed, the surgeon gently replaces the corneal surface flap to restore surface integrity of the eye.

DR. WILLIAM BOOTHE - DALLAS LASIK
Dr. Boothe was among the first three surgeons in the Dallas area (and one of the first in the country) to use a microkeratome, the instrument that creates the flap during the initial part of ALK and LASIK surgery. The delicate procedure of precisely lifting the flap is critical to overall success of the surgery.

Wavefront - Technology used to detect and measure higher order visual aberrations. These are the ocular aberrations other than the lower order aberrations of myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism, which can be detected by a traditional eye examination. Some examples are glare, halos, and starbursts.

DR. WILLIAM A. BOOTHE
A native Texan, Dr. William Boothe received his undergraduate degree from Rice University with honors and completed his residency at Texas Tech University School of Ophthalmology. Dr. William Boothe attended the University of Texas Southwestern Medical School in Dallas, before serving an internship at Presbyterian Hospital in Internal Medicine. Dr. Boothe completed a cornea fellowship at Jules Stein Eye Institute (University of California Los Angeles Medical School) where he specialized in refractive surgery.

Once the superiority of the all-laser was proven, the decision to buy was only hindered by the cost." Nowadays, five years later, "it is to be considered the standard of care", says Dr. Christenberry. This acquisition by AMO has a medical reinforcing effect on all-laser Lasik. AMO gave up its blade industry and is putting all into what has proven to be a near perfect operation.

DR WILLIAM A. BOOTHE - EYE CENTER
DR WILLIAM BOOTHE - DALLAS => Refractive Error - Too much or too little bending of the light rays entering the eye, so that they focus not on the retina, which would give clear vision, but either in front of it (myopia) or behind it (hyperopia). When the cornea is slightly oval-shaped, rather than perfectly round, it has two curvatures, a steeper one and a flatter one. This also causes refractive error (astigmatism), bending the light rays in two different ways, so that they�re skewed and unable to focus. Refractive error is measured in diopters.

In Denver, Icon Icon LASIK features the VISX Star4 Wavefront Laser, the NIDEK EC-5000 eye tracker, and the IntraLase bladeless LASIK system. In China, Icon LASIK offers Zeiss lasers as well as additional laser platforms. With the low cost of LASIK at Icon starting at just $499 per eye and LASIK financing available for 0%, $0 down, and no payments for 12 months.( DALLAS LASIK - DR WILLIAM A. BOOTHE)

DALLAS LASIK - DR WILLIAM BOOTHE
Dr William Boothe Eye Care The laser is programmed prior to each procedure for the ablative "cut" based on the patient's pre-operative refractive error (nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism). Once the laser ablation is completed, the surgeon gently replaces the corneal surface flap to restore surface integrity of the eye.

What this surgery does is reshape your cornea, inside the eye itself using a laser. Custom LASIK is a laser vision correction procedure that uses the unique visual characteristics of your eye to customize your treatment.

DR. WILLIAM BOOTHE - LASIK DALLAS
Get the latest about Dr William Boothe Dr. Boothe�s peers recognize his experience as he has taught other surgeons his technique in performing the LASIK procedure. Dr. William Boothe is Board Certified by the American Board of Ophthalmology. Dr. William Boothe�s love of medicine and passion for advancing technologies combined to make him a pioneer in ophthalmology.

It is easy to assume that since Dr William Boothe more facilities means more competition, for lasik eye surgery, New York could be the place to go. However, this is not always so. Compared to other states, the prices could be higher in New York. However, this oddity is only because the cost of living in New York is higher than that in other cities.

DR WILLIAM BOOTHE - LASIK SURGERY
DR WILLIAM BOOTHE - LASIK => After a thorough eye examination, you'll be expected to choose a doctor to perform the LASIK eye surgery. Once this has been done, you'll be scheduled for a consultation with the doctor to discuss the process, and you'll have the opportunity to voice whatever questions or concerns that you may have prior to the procedure.

How Does Laser Eye Surgery Work? It�s Best To Find Out Before Anyone Operates On Your Eyes You wouldn�t go into heart surgery or brain surgery without knowing exactly what the surgeons plan to do with your body, would you? After all, one slip up or one mistake and you are history.

DALLAS LASIK - Dr William A. Boothe
Conductive Keratoplasty (CK) The ViewPoint CK system provides a quick, safe, minimally invasive option for eye correction using radio frequency energy instead of a surgical cutting instrument to correct the patient with farsightedness. More on Conductive Keratoplasty (CK) ABOUT DR WILLIAM BOOTHE

When the cornea is reshaped in the right way, it works better to focus light into the eye and onto the retina, providing clearer vision than before. The flap is then laid back in place, covering the area where the corneal tissue was removed. Dr. Boothe, both nearsighted and farsighted people can benefit from the LASIK procedure. With nearsighted people, the goal is to flatten the too-steep cornea; with farsighted people, a steeper cornea is desired.( DALLAS LASIK - DR BOOTHE)

Dr William Boothe
Alcon LADARVision 4000 and CustomCornea Alcon Surgical's LADARVision excimer laser system with LADARTracker tracks the eye at a rate of 4,000 times per second - tracking the fastest eye movements with 4x safety margin. Only LADARVision has expanded FDA claims forimproved accuracy in corneal shaping. More on the LADARVision 4000

Dr. Boothe, LASIK is an ambulatory procedure; you walk into the surgery center, have the procedure and walk out again. In fact, the actual surgery usually takes less than five minutes, and you're awake the whole time. Occasionally, the doctor will give a mild oral sedative beforehand. Even though the procedure is relatively quick, this does not minimize the importance of having it performed by a highly skilled surgeon with proper equipment because LASIK is a very delicate procedure. You also should have someone accompany you to drive you back home afterward.

DR BOOTHE - DALLAS LASIK
DR WILLIAM BOOTHE - EYE CENTER => Laser surgery for eyes has a good number of benefits. Surgery can be done in the doctor's office with the patient leaving for home as soon as the procedure is complete. Some laser surgery for eyes can take as little as 20 minutes to complete. Dr. Boothe, they are virtually painless and some only describe minor stinging during the procedure.

Mascara and the creation of beautiful lashes: Mascara frames your eyes and can make your face come alive. Mascara softly accentuates the eye while thickening and darkening the lashes; it is the finishing touch for eyes. There are several different types to choose from, thickening, and waterproof to smudge proof.

DR WILLIAM BOOTHE - LASIK DALLAS
Icon LASIK is the most affordable, safe, and convenient vision correction available whether you are in the U.S. or China.Icon LASIK would gladly discuss its experience in China including regulatory issues and marketing concerns with those in media, business, and academia.

After a thorough eye examination, you'll be expected to choose a doctor to perform the LASIK eye surgery. Once this has been done, you'll be scheduled for a consultation with the doctor to discuss the process, and you'll have the opportunity to voice whatever questions or concerns that you may have prior to the procedure.

DR BOOTHE - EYE LASIK
Once the superiority of the all-laser was proven, the decision to buy was only hindered by the cost." Nowadays, five years later, "it is to be considered the standard of care", says Dr. Christenberry. This acquisition by AMO has a medical reinforcing effect on all-laser Lasik. AMO gave up its blade industry and is putting all into what has proven to be a near perfect operation.

Dr William Boothe Surgeon Your eyes are very sensitive organs that need the utmost care. Dr. Boothe, and yet, sometimes things can go wrong with your eyes - disease, age or injury or even heredity factors are just unpredictable so that even with the best of care, our eyes seem to malfunction.( DR. WILLIAM A. BOOTHE - DALLAS)

LASIK EYE - Dr William Boothe
DR. BOOTHE => Intraocular Pressure - The pressure within the eye is determined by how much aqueous fluid is created and drained inside the eye. An increase in intraocular pressure can put pressure on the optic nerve, causing serious vision problems. The intraocular pressure is measured with a tonometer.

It's as if the refraction is "ground in" to the middle layers of the cornea! The results are often dramatic and very rapid, with most patients seeing well enough to drive a car without correction the very next day. However, the best post-operative visual acuity may not be obtained until 2 to 3 weeks, or in some cases, even a few months, after the procedure.

DR WILLIAM A. BOOTHE - LASIK
For a child involved in imaginative play, there is very little distinction between fantasy and reality. Children live and play out their dreams totally in the moment.There are many principles of success that can be learned by looking through the eyes of a child.

Icon LASIK is the most affordable, safe, and convenient vision correction available whether you are in the U.S. or China.Icon LASIK would gladly discuss its experience in China including regulatory issues and marketing concerns with those in media, business, and academia.

DR. BOOTHE
Patients who have experienced an eye infection or injury in the past year should not undergo LASIK. If you are interested in LASIK, an eye surgeon or ophthalmologist can determine if you are a candidate for the procedure. During a comprehensive eye exam, your ophthalmologist will check your eyes and medical history. DR WILLIAM BOOTHEAre you a LASIK candidate?

Dr William Boothe Eye Care The laser is programmed prior to each procedure for the ablative "cut" based on the patient's pre-operative refractive error (nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism). Once the laser ablation is completed, the surgeon gently replaces the corneal surface flap to restore surface integrity of the eye.

DR WILLIAM BOOTHE - DALLAS
DR. WILLIAM BOOTHE - DALLAS LASIK => Dry eyes occur for a number of reasons, although there is thought to be a particular link between extended contact lenses and dry eyes. Dry eyes are also prevalent with older contact lens wearers as tear ducts become less effective with age. Problems with contact lenses and dry eyes become exacerbated when wearers spend a considerable length of time in front of a computer screen or in an air-conditioned environment.

Dr William Boothe Surgeon Your eyes are very sensitive organs that need the utmost care. Dr. Boothe, and yet, sometimes things can go wrong with your eyes - disease, age or injury or even heredity factors are just unpredictable so that even with the best of care, our eyes seem to malfunction.( DR WILLIAM A. BOOTHE - LASIK SURGERY)

DR WILLIAM A. BOOTHE
Certain factors such as stress, exposure to sunlight, cigarette smoke and pollution and age can all affect the way our eyes and the area around it look. Heavy eye bags, wrinkles and loose or droopy skin around the eyes can be unsightly and may make you look older than your real age.

The same should be said for laser eye surgery. Before you have laser eye surgery performed on your vision, find out how does laser eye surgery work. This can assist you in your decision, for one, whether or not you want to have this surgery performed but it can also let you know exactly what�s going to be done with your precious vision.

DR. WILLIAM BOOTHE - LASIK SURGERY
The flap can be created with a microkeratome (a hand-held device) or with the IntraLase� laser, which allows the surgeon to create the flap using a computer-guided laser. The cornea is then reshaped using an excimer laser and the flap isreplaced. Learn more about the LASIK eye surgery procedure.

A number of laser surgery for the eyes are available to address different forms of vision problems. PRK and LASIK are two of the most common laser surgery for eyes recommended to correct vision problems.

DALLAS LASIK - DR BOOTHE
DR. WILLIAM BOOTHE - EYE SURGERY => Trifocals have three focusing points; one for near vision, one for immediate vision, and one for distant vision. Progressive addition lenses (PALs) uses different focus points but gradually changes them so that no visual sections are as noticeable as in bifocals and trifocals. Bifocal and monovision contacts are also available. In monovision, one eye is corrected for near vision and the other for distant vision.

It may seem at first to be a difficult task to assess the differences when you compare the cost of laser eye surgery procedure from one eye surgeon to the other. Still, you can break down the probable costs by assigning the costs to several categories.

LASIK EYE - DR BOOTHE
AMO was spun off from Allergan in 2002 and quickly entered the Lasik field by buying up Visx, the first and major Lasik company. The manufacturer benefits not only from the sale of the laser but also every time the laser is used on an eye - a royalty fee is paid by the doctors. Visx has about 60% of the Lasik market. Now AMO will have the Intralase system that performs the first step of Lasik. AMO also has marketed a microkeratome with which the first step of Lasik was performed, however the "blade" was the principle cause of complications before the all-laser technique.

Eyeliners are meant to define the eyes so they should do just that, not be the focal point of your makeup. Eyeliners come in various colors and forms liquid, pencil etc. Keep the eyeliner natural. Pencils are available in many colors (for the best look stick to black or brown) and can be sharpened for a fine line. For a smudged effect use a sponge tip shadow applicator or an eye shadow brush. When your pencils are too soft refrigerate them. When they are too hard soften them by holding them between your fingers.( DR BOOTHE)

LASIK DALLAS - Dr William Boothe
When the cornea is reshaped in the right way, it works better to focus light into the eye and onto the retina, providing clearer vision than before. The flap is then laid back in place, covering the area where the corneal tissue was removed. Dr. Boothe, both nearsighted and farsighted people can benefit from the LASIK procedure. With nearsighted people, the goal is to flatten the too-steep cornea; with farsighted people, a steeper cornea is desired.

Wavefront - Technology used to detect and measure higher order visual aberrations. These are the ocular aberrations other than the lower order aberrations of myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism, which can be detected by a traditional eye examination. Some examples are glare, halos, and starbursts.

Dr. William Boothe
LASIK DALLAS - DR WILLIAM BOOTHE => Until recently, contact lenses and dry eyes seemed to come hand in hand. Modern technology, however, has developed several ways for contact lens wearers to deal with dry eyes. When eyes become dry, they can be irritable, bloodshot and in severe cases, vision can become impaired.

People with cataracts can also benefit from laser surgery for the eyes. Through a specific procedure called phacoemulsification, the cataract is broken into smaller pieces. Afterwards, the pieces are suctioned off via a small cut. Minor problems can be in the form of hazy film or blurred vision which can easily be corrected. After the cataract is removed, it does not return.

DR. WILLIAM A. BOOTHE - LASIK DALLAS

DR WILLIAM BOOTHE - LASIK

LASIK DALLAS - DR WILLIAM A. BOOTHE

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Dr William Boothe

Fri, 30 May 2008 19:04:04 GMT

Dr William Boothe Eye Care

LASIK (Laser in-situ Keratomileusis) is used to correct or reduce moderate to high levels of nearsightedness (myopia), astigmatism and farsightedness (hyperopia). The traditional LASIK procedure is relatively simple: a keratome is used to gently create a flap in the cornea. In IntraLASIK, the flap is created by a computer-controlled, precision laser. The flap is lifted and an excimer laser is then used to shape the remaining tissue. The flap is then carefully set back into place, forming an occlusive seal by osmopic pressure. Osmopic pressure holds the flap in place and allows it to heal very quickly, without stitches!

Dr William Boothe

Dr. Boothe’s peers recognize his experience as he has taught other surgeons his technique in performing the LASIK procedure. Dr. William Boothe is Board Certified by the American Board of Ophthalmology. Dr. William Boothe’s love of medicine and passion for advancing technologies combined to make him a pioneer in ophthalmology.

Dr Boothe Ophthalmologist

Dr William Boothe Surgeon

Your eyes are very sensitive organs that need the utmost care. Dr. Boothe, and yet, sometimes things can go wrong with your eyes - disease, age or injury or even heredity factors are just unpredictable so that even with the best of care, our eyes seem to malfunction.

Get the latest about Dr William Boothe

Dr. William Boothe with the advent of lasik technology, eye correction with the use of surgery has become more affordable, more convenient and even painless. The accuracy by which eye surgeons have dealt with real eye problems has been remarkable. Patients have been thrilled with results. What a miracle! They can see!

Dr Boothe Lasik Surgeon

The most important aspect of a successful business is developing the correct mindset toward your customers. And this is not the over used phrase The customer is always right. Actually the correct mindset we are referring to here is to always think in terms of benefits for your customers. The highly successful businessperson thinks of ways to show interest in their customers even before they come into their store. Dr William Boothe link

They endeavor to educate the customer on the benefits of their products and services. They make their products and services stand out in their customer's mind. Some marketing experts think of this in terms of a USP or Unique Selling Proposition. Or what are the unique selling characteristics that separate your products and services and make them stand out from your competition. Here is an exercise I suggest you do and then repeat at regular intervals.

A pioneer in the field of refractive surgery, Dr. William Boothe was one of the first cornea specialists to be trained in vision correction techniques during his Fellowship. In addition, he was the first cornea-trained surgeon in the Dallas area to use an FDA-approved Excimer laser for refractive surgery. Dr. Boothe was among the first three surgeons in the Dallas area (and one of the first in the country) to use a microkeratome, the instrument that creates the flap during the initial part of ALK and LASIK surgery. The delicate procedure of precisely lifting the flap is critical to overall success of the surgery.

If you're stuck in glasses or contacts, imagine what it would be like to wake each morning and see clearly throughout the day - no matter what activities or hobbies you are enjoying. Imagine your life without the frustration! Your new vision after LASIK Surgery will allow you to focus on the more important things in your life.

Think of Your World Without Glasses and Contacts

About Dr William Boothe

A native Texan, Dr. William Boothe received his undergraduate degree from Rice University with honors and completed his residency at Texas Tech University School of Ophthalmology. Dr. William Boothe attended the University of Texas Southwestern Medical School in Dallas, before serving an internship at Presbyterian Hospital in Internal Medicine. Dr. Boothe completed a cornea fellowship at Jules Stein Eye Institute (University of California Los Angeles Medical School) where he specialized in refractive surgery.

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About Dr Boothe and eye surgery

Mon, 10 Mar 2008 16:37:14 GMT

Dr Boothe, LASIK eye surgery is the most popular refractive laser eye surgery. LASIK involves the use of a laser to change the shape of the cornea to correct refractive errors such as nearsightedness, farsightedness and astigmatism. Dr Boothe, LASIK is a permanent vision correction procedure since it is a type of surgery which is not reversible. Thanks to advanced technology, LASIK provides an excellent safety profile and results when performed by experienced LASIK Surgeons for carefully selected patients.

LASIK is not right for everyone and requires careful evaluation and consultation.Today more people are routinely electing to have LASIK to correct their vision as it is a suitable substitute for eyeglasses and contact lenses for most common vision problems. LASIK is a quick eye surgery procedure that provides good vision with few postoperative complications for most people. LASIK is not suited for everyone including people with certain health problems, eye diseases, and other situations that an eye care professional can help to explain in detail as part of your consultation.

Dr Boothe, LASIK Laser Eye Surgery Process
The LASIK eye surgeryprocess requires that a series of careful measurements be taken to be sure that you are a good candidate. This process should begin with a discussion regarding what your expectations are and what you wish to achieve by being less dependent or eliminating eyeglasses or contact lenses. Then a careful review of you health and eye history should be taken by the doctor's office. Next, in order to determine the exact prescription that will need to be treated, a refraction should be performed to measure the amount of nearsightedness or farsightedness and astigmatism. This will require the use of eye drops to get the best possible measurements. It will be necessary to map the surface of the eye, called the cornea, with a corneal topographer that gives the doctor a blueprint of the shape of your eye. An important step is to measure the corneal thickness, called pachymetry, in order to help determine whether the anatomy of your corneal is appropriate for LASIK orperhaps another laser eye surgery procedure. Once all of these steps have been completed, the doctor will examine the health of the retina and inside structures of your eyes as a final check.

On your day of surgery, a technician will clean the area around your eyes with a hygienic but gentle cleansing pad. The technician will place a series of drops into your eyes in order to get them ready for your treatment. Some of these drops, antibiotic drops, will prevent germs from entering your eye and therefore help to prevent any possibility of infection. Other drops will be placed in your eyes to lightly numb the cornea so that you are comfortable during your treatment. After you recline on the bed-like chair under the laser, an eyelid holder called a speculum, is gently placed between your eyelids to remind you not to blink. Next the LASIK surgeon will use an instrument called a microkeratome to create a very thin, circular layer, called a flap on the front of the cornea. Since you have had numbing drops placed in your eyes, this will not be uncomfortable, but will feel like a slight pressure around your eyes. The surgeon will instruct you to look at a small light during your procedure. Don't worry if you cannot stay perfectly steady-just do your best. Today's laser technology uses a tracking system which will actually follow your eye movements if you can hold pretty still during your procedure. To correct nearsightedness, farsightedness or astigmatism, your surgeon will use an Excimer laser. The Excimer laser is programmed based on calculations made from the measurements taken during your consultation. The laser then delivers the exact correction needed and send tiny spots of light beams to certain predetermined positions on your cornea in order to change the shape to what is required for you to see well. The eye surgeon has full control of the laser and monitors the position of the laser on the cornea as well as the tracking system monitoring the position of your eye in order to make sure the beam is in the correct place. The creation of the flap and the application of the laser usually takes 5-7 minutes per eye depending on the complexity of the of correction that you need. Finally, the flap is replaced in its original position and because it has extraordinary bonding properties,it acts like Velcro to just stick right back down in place without the need for sutures. The technician will often place additional eye drops in your eyes as the procedure is finished just to give you some added comfort and protection and to help your eyes heal quickly. Most often a protective clear plastic shield will be applied-like safety glasses-to prevent you from rubbing your eyes or in case you get bumped accidentally. Pay careful attention to the detailed instructions your doctor gives you regarding additional drops to use at home and when to return for your first visit.

You will need someone to drive you home. To be most comfortable, you should go home and take a long nap. When you awaken you will notice several things. First you will notice a dramatic improvement in your vision. It will most likely not be as good as it will get in a few days as your eyes will need to continue to heal. You should expect to feel some mild "grittiness" or like a little sand or dust has gotten into your eyes for up to a day or so. This is normal. As your eyes heal it is normal and expected to be a little sensitive to light and perhaps see some glare or even haloes around lights at night. This too will diminish as your eyes heal.

Dr BootheLASIK Laser Eye Surgery Candidates
The best candidates for LASIK Eye Surgery are people with healthy eyes have not had previous eye surgery and are looking to correct myopia, hyperopia, or astigmatism. They must also have stable vision for at least a year. People with medical conditions and taking certain medication may not be eligible for LASIK eye surgery. Also some people with thin corneas may best be suited for other laser surgeries.

Wavefront technology in LASIK Eye Surgery
Wavefront technology is major advance in LASIK laser eye surgery, especially for people who have complicated prescriptions. It may sound a bit funny, but your eyes are like your feet. Shoes usually just come in sizes that measure how long the feet are. With normal LASIK surgery, vision correction is measured by the visual acuity of a person, 20/20, 20/40, 20/100 and how it is altered by the refraction of their eye. This method corrects how much a person can see but not the details of everything else. Imagine if shoes were made exactly for your feet by measuring how wide, how long, comfort level, arch, and so on. The result would be a great pair of shoes that fit perfectly. Wavefront technology does this for the eyes by measuring the whole eye and providing a three-dimensional corneal map. All abnormalities and irregularities, called optical aberrations, from front to back are present in this map and allow the eye surgeon to correct your vision to a "perfect fit". This allows correction for not only nearsightedness or farsightedness and astigmatism and its impact on visual acuity, but also for other aberrations that can affect contrast sensitivity, night vision, depth perception, and light sensitivity. By correcting all these factors, each individual's vision can be improved dramatically by correcting for the individual's specific problems.

LASIK is a surgical procedure intended to reduce a person's dependency on glasses or contact lenses. The goal of this Web site is to provide objective information to the public about LASIK surgery. See other sections of this site to learn about what you should know before surgery, what will happen during the surgery, and what you should expect after surgery. There is a glossary of terms and a checklist of issues for you to consider, practices to follow, and questions to ask your doctor before undergoing LASIK surgery.

LASIK stands for Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis and is a procedure that permanently changes the shape of the cornea, the clear covering of the front of the eye, using an excimer laser. A mechanical microkeratome (a blade device) or a laser keratome (a laser device) is used to cut a flap in the cornea. A hinge is left at one end of this flap. The flap is folded back revealing the stroma, the middlesection of the cornea. Pulses from a computer-controlled laser vaporize a portion of the stroma and the flap is replaced. There are other techniques and many new terms related to LASIK that you may hear about.

The eye and vision errors
The cornea is a part of the eye that helps focus light to create an image on the retina. It works in much the same way that the lens of a camera focuses light to create an image on film. The bending and focusing of light is also known as refraction. Usually the shape of the cornea and the eye are not perfect and the image on the retina is out-of-focus (blurred) or distorted. These imperfections in the focusing power of the eye are called refractive errors. There are three primary types of refractive errors: myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism. Persons with myopia, or nearsightedness, have more difficulty seeing distant objects as clearly as near objects. Persons with hyperopia, or farsightedness, have more difficulty seeing near objects as clearly as distant objects. Astigmatism is a distortion of the image on the retina caused by irregularities in the cornea or lens of the eye. Combinations of myopia and astigmatism or hyperopia and astigmatism are common. Glasses or contact lenses are designed to compensate for the eye's imperfections. Surgical procedures aimed at improving the focusing power of the eye are called refractive surgery. In LASIK surgery, precise and controlled removal of corneal tissue by a special laser reshapes the cornea changing its focusing power.

William Boothe, other types of refractive surgery
Radial Keratotomy or RK and Photorefractive Keratectomy or PRK are other refractive surgeries used to reshape the cornea. In RK, a very sharp knife is used to cut slits in the cornea changing its shape. PRK was the first surgical procedure developed to reshape the cornea, by sculpting, using a laser. Later, LASIK was developed. The same type of laser is used for LASIK and PRK. Often the exact same laser is used for the two types of surgery. The major difference between the two surgeries is the way that the stroma, the middle layer of the cornea, is exposed before it is vaporized with the laser. In PRK, the top layer of the cornea, called the epithelium, is scraped away to expose the stromal layer underneath. Dr William Boothe, in LASIK, a flap is cut in the stromal layer and the flap is folded back.

Another type of refractive surgery is thermokeratoplasty in which heat is used to reshape the cornea. The source of the heat can be a laser, but it is a different kind of laser than is used for LASIK and PRK. Other refractive devices include corneal ring segments that are inserted into the stroma and special contact lenses that temporarily reshape the cornea (orthokeratology).

Dr William Boothe, what the FDA regulates
In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulates the sale of medical devices such as the lasers used for LASIK. Before a medical device can be legally sold in the U.S., the person or company that wants to sell the device must seek approval from the FDA. William Boothe, to gain approval, they must present evidence that the device is reasonably safe and effective for a particular use, the "indication." Once the FDA has approved a medical device, a doctor may decide to use that device for other indications if the doctor feels it is in the best interest of a patient. Dr Boothe the use of an approved device for other than its FDA-approved indication is called "off-label use." The FDA does not regulate off-label use or the practice of medicine.

The FDA does not have the authority to:

Regulate a doctor's practice. In other words, FDA does not tell doctors what to do when running their business or what they can or cannot tell their patients.
Set the amount a doctor can charge for LASIK eye surgery.
"Insist" the patient information booklet from the laser manufacturer be provided to the potential patient.
Make recommendations for individual doctors, clinics, or eye centers. FDA does not maintain nor have access to any such list of doctors performing LASIK eye surgery.
Conduct or provide a rating system on any medical device it regulates.
The first refractive laser systems approved by FDA were excimer lasers for use in PRK to treat myopia and later to treat astigmatism. However, doctors began using these lasers for LASIK (not just PRK), and to treat other refractive errors (not just myopia). Over the last several years, LASIK has become the main surgery doctors use to treat myopia in the United States. More recently, some laser manufacturers have gained FDA approval for laser systems for LASIK to treat myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism and for PRK to treat hyperopia and astigmatism.

What are the risks and how can I find the right doctor for me?
William Boothe, most patients are very pleased with the results of their refractive surgery. However, like any other medical procedure, there are risks involved. That's why it is important for you to understand the limitations and possible complications of refractive surgery.

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